Northerners moved towards the South

[CHUNG Yoon-Ngan <chungyn@mozart.collective.com.au>]

   Northerners moved towards the South 
   Bei3 Fang Ren2 Min2 Zhi Nan2 Qian

   This is a translation of only one paragraph from the book 
  "Zhong Guo2 Tong Shi3" by Zhou Gu3 Cheng2 written in 1939.
   Published by Tai4 Ping2 Bookshop Hong Kong 1963.
   Page 389 volume one.

  At that time (before 317AD) North China was ravaged by foreign 
tribes (the Turkic Xiong Nu2, the Jie2, the Xian Bei, the Di3 
and the Qiang).  
Unwilling to live under the oppression of these foreign tribes 
many big and powerful families as well as the upper classes 
followed the Jin4 Court migrating to the south to Southern China.    

Jin4 Shu (Jin4 Book) said,
"When Lou4 Jing (Louyang) was overrun, 60 to 70 per cent of 
the Government officials in the Zhong Zhou (the alias of Henan 
province) found refuge near the Yangtze River."
 
According to Wang2 Dau3 in Jin4 Book,
"Some of these exodus moved to Xun2 Yang, Wu2 Hu2 and Jing Yi4
(in the present day southern Anhui province), and others to the
regions of present day southern provinces of Jiangsu, Jiangxi 
and Zhejiang. 
Qiao2 Shi4* administrations were installed by the Jin4 Court 
(Eastern Jin4 was not established until March 317AD in Jian4 Kang 
<present day Jiang Ning2 county in Jiangsu province> to Mu4 Si**  
these new settlers (Liu2 Wang2 Ke4 Ren2)*** in the regions of: 

(1) Huai2 Nan2 (present day south of Huai2 Shui3 River; 
    north of Yangtze River in Hubei province; 
    east of Han4 Shui3 River and northern regions of the 
    Yangtze River in the provinces of Jiangsu and Anhui)        
(2) Song Zi county (present day in northern Hubei province)
(3) Tang2 Yi4 county in Shandong province
(4) Wei4 Jun4 in Jingxi province
(5) Shang4 Dang3 in Jiangsu province
(6) Yang2 Zhou in Jiangsu province"

According to Lin2 Xu (Tang Dynasty) in his book Min3 Zhong,
(Middle Min3)

"After the Rebellion of the Eight Princes (291AD to 306AD)
there were many Northerners migrated to Min3 Zhong (present
day Fujian and Guangdong provinces). The four Clans Lin2, 
Huang2, Chen2 and Guo entered Fujian province first."

According to He2 Qiao2 Yuan3 (Ming Dynasty) in his Min3 Book,

"During the second year of the reign of Yong3 Jia (308AD)
Zhong Zhou was in chaos and the eight Clans Lin2, Huang2, 
Zheng4, Zhan, Qiu, He2 and Hu2 entered Min3 (present day 
Fujian province).


*   Qiao2 means living in a foreign country
*   Shi4 means set-up
**  Mu4 means to tend
**  Simeans means manage
*** Liu2 means flow
*** Wang2 means flee
*** Ke4 means guest
*** Ren2 means people 

CHUNG Yoon-Ngan.  chungyn@mozart.collective.com.au