Re: [Fwd: [Fwd: [Fwd: Re: hakka origin.]]]

[CHUNG Yoon-Ngan <chungyn@mozart.collective.com.au>]

   Hello Zhengming,
  
   I could not find any information, at the moment, 
   regarding the fate of the Formosans (present day Taiwanese)
   after Manchukuo.
   I remembered of seeing two movies, one was the Taiwanese version 
   and the other Mainland version, about a Formosan family
   returning to Taiwan after the war. 

   After the creation of Manchukuo on March 9 1932 by the Japanese, 
and as far as colonization in Manchuria was concerned, the Japanese
population of Manchukuo, according to the 1935 census, had increased 
from about 200,000 in 1932 to 501,251. In addition to this figure was 
the 834,539 Formosan (Taiwanese) and Korean immigrants, bringing the 
total Japanese nationals to 1,335,790.
 
   The Japanese knew that if Manchuria was to serve Japan as a
colonization area, the voluntary movement of Chinese (mostly from 
Shandong province) and Koreans into Manchuria had to be strictly
controlled. In free agricutural competition the Japanese settlers 
could not compete with the Chinese and the Koreans. So the Japanese 
restricted the Koreans to be settled only in certain areas in eastern
Manchuria.  Chinese immigration was totally stopped by the Manchukuo
Authority, except some seasonal labourers who were employed in 
construction, mining, agricultural activities and in opening up the land
for Japanese colonies.

CHUNG Yoon-Ngan.  chungyn@mozart.collective.com.au


On Fri, 23 Jan 1998, Zhengming Yang wrote:
 
 Dear CHUNG Yoon-Ngan:
 
      I knew there are lots of Korean immigrants in Northeast China. 
There is a Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture with a million Korean
population. Most of them emmigrated to China during the famine in Korean
during late Qing time and during Japanese occupying period. I did not 
know anything about Taiwanese immigration to Northeast China. Could
you provide more information about the destiny of those Taiwanese?
 
By the way, Korean and Taiwanese are not Japan's own people any more. 
Or they even never treated were.
 
 About the language, Manchurian is a complete different language. Manchu 
is almost completely assimilated culturally by Han Chinese. There are
some trace of Manchurian words in native Beijing dialect. But they are
usually not in standard Mandarin vocabulary.
 
Man-Yu is a Tungus language, maybe similar to Korean. There are about
a thousand people in Fuyu (rich) county of Heilongjiang Province can 
still speak Manchurians. Chinese government made big effort to keep the
language alive. Another Manchu-related language Xibe-yu is still alive in
Chabucha'er Xibe Autonomous County of Xinjiang, with around
10,000 Xibe population. These people are the descedents of Xibe army
settler sent by Qing government. There is a Xibe Language newspaper in
that county. Xibe are good archer.