Re: Lan Fang Republic (present West Kalumantan)

[CHUNG Yoon-Ngan <chungyn@mozart.collective.com.au>]

I could not find the Republic of Lan Fang in my books. 

Besides Zheng4 Zhao, who was born in Cheng2 Hai4 town, a Hakka town, in
Guangdong province, founded the Kingdom of Siam in 1876, there were three
Republics in Borneo Island and one in the Malay Peninsular founded by
Overseas Chinese who amounted to about 2 million in Southeast Asia by the
turn of 19th century. 
  
(1) Luo2 Fang Bo2, a Hakka descent?, born in Guangdong province,
    founded the Fang Bo2 Republic in the westernmost of Borneo Island
    at the beginning of 19th century. He proclaimed himself the President
    of the Republic of Fang Bo2. After his death the Presidency was
    elected by Chinese descents only and the natives were excluded. 
    This Republic was subjucated by the Dutch at the end of 19th century. 

(2) Wu2 Yuan2 Sheng4, a Hakka descent?, born in Guangding province,
    established a Kingdom called Dai4 Yan4 in North Borneo at about
    the time as Luo2 Fang Bo2 founded the Republic of Fang Bo2. 
    Wu2 Yuan3 Sheng4 crowned himself as the King of Dai4 Yan4. The
    kingship was inheritable. After his death his offspring continued
    to rule the Kingdom for over 100 years until the Dutch destroyed it
    at the end of 19th century. 

(3) A Teochew man named Zhang Jie2 Xu4 setup a Kingdom without a name in
    the island of Natuna (present day Bunguran Island in South China
    Sea between the island of Borneo and West Malysia) in the later
    half of 19th century. An internal struggled for power destroyed the
    Kingdom after the death of Zhang Jie2 Xu4

(4) At the end of 19th century, Wu2 Yang2, a Hokkien, founded a Kingdom
    somewhere in the present State of Johore, Malaysia. Before the name of
    this Kingdom was fixed it was destroyed by the British Eastern
    Trading Company. 

CHUNG Yoon-Ngan.