Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 01-28-12 22:58
孔子曰 Confucius said:
學而不厭,---Xue2 er2 bu4 yan4,
誨人不倦.---Hui4 ren2 bu4 juan4.
I have an insatiable desire to learn;
I am tireless in teaching.
------------------------------------------------
The 77th most common Chinese surname HOU 侯 (077)
Hou means: a marquis
The surname Hou is about 2,700 years old.
The surname Hou originated in an area referred to during the jin Dynasty
(晉朝 265AD to 420AD) as the Shanggu prefecture (上谷郡). The present day
location of Shanggu prefecture is in the region around the counties of Baoding
(保定縣), Yizhou (易州縣), Xuanhua (宣化縣, 118.5 degree East and 41.1 degree
North on the world map) of Hebei province (河北省).
In 1115BC, Ji Song (姬誦) was crowned Zhou King Cheng (周成王), the second
King of the Zhou Dynasty (周朝1134BC to 256BC), who reigned until 1079BC.
Zhou King Cheng delegated the authority to his younger brother Ji Shuyu
(姬叔虞) to rule a State called Tang (唐 國 present day Yicheng county 翼
城縣 in Shanxi province 山西省). Ji Shuyu was then known as Tang Shuyu (唐
叔虞). Zhou King Cheng bestowed upon Tang Shuyu the hereditary title of
Hou (侯) or Marquis. After Tang Shuyu his son Ji Xie (姬燮) became the second
ruler of Tang and he changed the name of Tang to the State of Jin (晉國).
Nine generations after Tang Shuyu, Ji Fei (費) became the 9th ruler of the
State of Jin. Ji Fei had two sons: the elder son was called Ji Chou (姬仇
) and the younger son Ji Chengshi (姬成師). Ji Fei died in 782BC and Ji
Chou was installed as the ruler who died in 746BC. His elder son Ji Bo (姬
伯) became the 12th ruler who ruled Jin until 738BC.
Ji Chengshi, the uncle of Ji Bo, was a very powerful official in Jin Court.
Ji Bo knew that sooner or later his uncle would kill him and grab the throne
for himself. In order to save his own skin, in 742BC, Ji Bo relinquished
a large part of the territory of Quwo district (曲 沃 in the northeast of
present day Wenxi county 文喜縣 of Shanxi province), almost half of the State,
to his uncle. He even rewarded his uncle the title of Bo (伯). Ji Chengshi
became the ruler of Quwo.
In order to show his nephew, Ji Bo, that he was more powerful than him,
Ji Chengshi purposely renamed his new domain as the State of Jin (晉國).
By doing so, Ji Chengshi had created two States of Jin in the land. It was
very confusing for the citizens of the two States. To avoid the confusion
and to humble himself, Ji Bo voluntarily changed the name of his State
from Jin to Yi (翼). Ji Bo also changed his official title from Jin Zhao
Hou (晉昭侯) to Yi Zhao Hou (翼昭侯).
Four years later in 738BC Pan Fu (潘父), the Premier of Yi murdered Ji Bo.
With the death of the ruler, Pan Fu thought that he had the power to do
what he wanted to do. So Pan Fu planned to merge Yi with Jin. The people
of Yi refused and they had Pan Fu killed and elected Ji Ping (姬平), the
younger brother of Ji Bo, as the new ruler of Yi, the 13th ruler.
In 727BC the State of Jin attacked Yi and Ji Ping was killed in the battle.
The people of Yi again elected a younger brother of Ji Ping called Ji Que
(姬卻) as their new ruler, the 14th ruler. Immediately after he was elected
as the ruler, Ji Que led his army and attacked Jin. However, the Yi forces
were defeated and Ji Que fled to the State of Sui (隨國 present day Sui
county 隨縣 in Hubei province 湖北省). Ji Guang (姬 光), who was the son
of Ji Que, was installed as the 15th ruler of Yi. Ji Guang who was later
killed by Jin.
Zhou King Huan (周桓王), who reigned from 719BC to 697BC, the central authority
of the land, authorized Ji Min (姬 緡), the younger brother of Ji Guang,
as the new ruler of Yi. Again in 679BC Jin invaded Yi and had Ji Min killed.
Jin finally annexed Yi.
Zhou King Huan declared that the children of Ji Guang whose official title
was Yi Ai Hou (翼哀侯) and Ji Min whose title was Yi Xiao Zi Hou (翼小子
侯) to be allowed to emigrate to the Zhou capital, Cheng Zhou (成周 present
day Luoyang 洛陽 city in Henan province 河南省). The children of Ji Guang
and Ji Min settled down permanently in the capital. They adopted HOU (侯
), the official title of their fathers, as their surname in remembrance of
the last two Hous of Yi.
The couplet of surname Hou is,
望族光緡,---Wang4 zu2 Guang Min,
姓出上谷,---Xing4 chu Shanggu.
The progenitor of surname Hou was Guang Min,
And it originated from Shanggu.
.....................................................
Famous persons produced by the Hou Clan include:
(1) 龍的傳人 - 歌手 - 侯德建
The Offspring of the Dragon (The Dragon Seeds)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwhdafQDIOg
作詞：侯德建
作曲：侯德建
編曲：陳志遠
遙遠的東方有一條江 它的名字就叫長江
遙遠的東方有一條河 它的名字就叫黃河
雖不曾看見長江美 夢裡常神遊長江水
雖不曾聽見黃河壯 澎湃洶湧在夢裡
古老的東方有一條龍 她的名字就叫中國
古老的東方有一群人 他們全都是龍的傳人
巨龍腳底下我成長 長成以後是龍的傳人
黑眼睛黑頭髮黃皮膚 永永遠遠是龍的傳人
百年前寧靜的一個夜 巨變前夕的深夜裡
槍砲聲敲碎了寧靜的夜 四面楚歌是姑息的劍
多少年砲聲仍隆隆 多少年又是多少年
巨龍巨龍你擦亮眼 永永遠遠的擦亮眼
巨龍巨龍你擦亮眼 永永遠遠的擦亮眼
........................................................................
(2)Hou Jing (侯景)
Hou Jing was born in Shuofang (朔方 in the present day of Inner Mongolia
province 內蒙古), in the Northern Wei Kingdom (北魏) during the period of
the North and South Dynasties (420AD to 589AD). He excelled in archery and
was appointed the army commander in Beizhen county (北鎮縣 in the present
day of Liaoning province (遼寧省). He did well in battles and was appointed
the governor of Puyang (濮陽 in Shandong province 山東省). He defected to
the Kingdom of Liang (梁代). A few years later he grabed the throne of Ling
and established his own kingdom called Han Dynasty (漢朝) and proclaimed
himself the King of Han. However he failed and fled north where he was killed
by Yang Kun (羊琨).
.......................................................................
(3) Hou Fangyu (侯方域)
Hou Fangyu was a scholar and a poet who lived during the end of the Ming
Dynasty (明朝 1368AD to 1644AD) and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty (清
朝 1644AD to 1912AD). He wrote a very famous play about his love affair
with a girl named Li Xiangjun (李香君). The famous play was called 桃花扇
(Tao Hua Shan or The Peach Fan).
Posted to Overseas Chinese Forum at asiawind.com
By CHUNG Yoon-Ngan (鄭永元)
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