Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 01-27-12 00:50
一口不能插二匙,---Yi kou3 bu4 neng2 cha er4 chi2,
一山不能藏二虎.---Yi shan bu4 neng2 zang4 er4 hu3.
Two spoons cannot be inserted into a mouth,
Two tigers cannot live in one hill.
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The 72nd most common Chinese surname XIONG 熊 (072)
Xiong means: bear.
The surname Xiong is about 2,700 years old.
The surname Xiong originated in an area referred to during the Han Dynasty
(漢朝 206BC to220AD) as the Jiangling prefecture (江陵郡). The present day
location of Jiangling prefecture is the Jiangling county (江陵縣 112.1 degree
East and 30.2 degree North on the world map, in Hubei province (湖北省).
Legend has it that Ji Lian (季連) was the great-great-great grandson of
Huang Di (黃帝) or the Yellow Emperor who was the chief of the federated
tribes in ancient China. Ji Lian gave himself the surname of Mie (羋). His
son, Kun (髡) was an administrator in Youxiong (有熊 present day Xinzheng
新鄭 city in Henan province 河南省), the capital of the Domain of the Yellow
Emperor. Thus the official name of Kun was Mie Xiong Jun (羋熊君).
Many generations later, in 1122BC, Mie Xiongyu (羋熊鬻), a descendants of
Mie Xiong Jun, helped Zhou King Wu (周武王) to destroy the Shang Dynasty
(商朝 1783BC to 1122BC) and established the Zhou Dynasty (周朝 1134BC to
256BC). However, Zhou King Wu died in 1116BC and was succeeded by his son
called Ji Song (姬誦) who was crowned Zhou King Cheng (周成王) who reigned
until 1079BC. Mie Xiongyu was employed as a tutor in the Zhou Court.
Zhou King Cheng delegated authority to Mie Xiongyu's grandson Mie Xiongyi
(羋熊繹) to rule a region called Jing Man (荊蠻) which was in the present
day region between the rivers of Changjiang (長江) and Hanshui (漢水) in
the two provinces of Hunan (湖南省) and Hubei (湖北省). Zhou King Cheng
also bestowed upon Mie Xiongyi the title of Zi (子) or Viscount which was
heritable. Mie Xiongyi was known as Zi Jing Man or the Viscount of Jing Man.
Most of the residents living in Jing Man were the descendants of the Miao
Clan (苗族). Mie Xiongyi established his capital in Zigui (秭歸 in present
day Zigui county in Hubei province) and renamed his domain the State of
Chu (楚國).
Seventeen generations later in 740BC, Mie Xiongtong (羋熊通), a descendant
of Mie Xiongyi, became the 17th ruler of Chu. In 704BC, thirty six years
later, he proclaimed that he was not the Viscount of Chu (楚子) but the
King of Chu (楚王). Mie Xiongtong titled himself the Chu King Wu (楚武王
) and moved the Chu capital from Zigui to Danyang (丹陽 located in present
day Zhijiang county 枝江縣 in Hubei province). He adopted XIONG (熊) as
his surname. From then on, Xiong was the surname of all the rulers of the
State of Chu.
During the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋時代 722BC to 481BC) the State
of Chu conquered and annexed many small States that existed near its border.
The State of Chu became a power State which remained as powerful as ever
through out this period until 223BC, during the Warring States Period (戰
國時間 481BC to 221BC) when it was conquered by the State of Qin (秦國 present
day Fengxiang county 鳳翔縣 in Shaanxi province 陜西省).
The couplet of the XIONG clan is:
源自羋姓,---Yuan2 zi4 Mie xing,
望出江陵.---Wang4 chu jiangling.
The surname Xiong was evolved from surname Mie,
And the clan began to spread from Jiangling.
...........................................................
Famous persons:produced by the Xiong Clan include:
(1) 熊安生 (Siong Ansheng)
Xiong Ansheng, who lived in North Qi (北齊 550AD to 577AD) during the period
of North and South Dynasties (南北朝 420AD to 589AD), was a scholar excelled
in Chinese Classics of the Four Books and the Five Classics. He established
a school in his hometown, Fucheng (阜城 in the present day Fucheng county
(阜城縣) of Hebei province (河北省). At one time he had over one thousand
students.
..........................................................
(2) 熊享瀚 (Xiong Xianghan 1894 to 1928)
http://www.tgtm.cn/newsdis.asp?num=1424&bankuai=1
Xiong Xianghan was a poet. He was born in the town of Taojiang (桃江) in
Hunan province (湖南省). He joined the Double-Ten Revolution under the leadership
of Dr. Sun Yat-sen (孫中山).
....................................................................
(3) 熊香海 (Xiong Xianghai)
Xiong Xianghai is a contempoary scholar. He is the author of the Chinese
Couplet Dictionary (中國對聯大辭典).
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Posted to Overseas Chinese Forum at asiawind.com
CHUNG Yoon-Ngan (鄭永元)
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