Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 07-31-11 06:09
毛澤東詩
(03)
黃鶴樓 The Pavilion of the Yellow Crane
Written in Spring 1927
茫茫九派流中國,---Mang2 mang2 jiu3 pai4 liu2 Zhongguo(*1),
沉沉一線穿南北.---Chen2 chen2 yi xian4 chuan nan2 bei3(*2).
煙雨莽蒼蒼,----------Yan yu3 mang3 cang cang,
龜蛇銷大江.----------Gui she2 xiao da4 jiang(*3).
黃鶴知何去?--------Huang2 he4 zhi he2 qu4?
剩有遊人處.---------Sheng4 you3 you2 ren2 chu3.
把酒酹滔滔,---------Ba3 jiu3 lei tao tao,
心潮逐浪高!---------Xin chao2 zhu2 lang4 gao!
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land,
Dark, dark threads the line from south to north.
Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain,
Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither?
Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors.
I pledge my wine to the surging torrent,
The tide of my heart swells with waves.
Source:
Mao Tsetung poems,
Foreign Language Press, Peking, 1976
(*1) 九派 jiu3 pai4
There are many tributaries from the provinces of Hunan(湖南) and Hubei(湖
北) flow into the Yangtze River(長江) that flows through China,
(*2) 一線 yi xian4
The railway lines from Beijing(北京) to Wuhan(武漢) and then to Guangdong(廣
東) are like a straight line that cuts through China.
(*3) 大江 da4 jiang
Changjiang (長江 or the Yangtze River)
The background of the poem
http://yn.chung.id.au/CCP&KMT-1stCooperation.jpg
[The names in red squares are the Communists]
In May 1921, Dr. Sun Yat-sen became the President of the Guangdong Government.
The Chinese Communist Party was founded in July 1921. In January 1924 the
Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) and the Chinese Communist Party formed a
United Front. A military academy called Whampoa Military Academy (黃埔軍校
) was established. Dr Sun Yat-sen directed Chiang Kaishek, who just returned
from Russia after three months tour, to be the Principal the the Military
Academy. Dr Sun Yat-sen died in Peking on 12 March 1925. On 30th May 1925
general strikes in Shanghai spread to other cities. In July 1926, the Northern
Expedition against the Warlords began under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek.
With the help of the Soviet Russian adviser Borodin Chiang Kai-shek's power
grew. The Kuomintang and the Communists launched the final stages of the
"Northern March" against the Warlords.
However, in July 1927, Chiang Kaishek betrayed the revolution and unleashed
the "White Terror" against the Communists. On 11th July 1927, the Northern
Expeditionary Army under the command of Chiang Kaishek began to disarm the
weapons of the revolutionary workers in Shanghai. The next day morning,
members of the gangs of the Green and Red Societies, wearing white armbands
bearing the Chinese character Gong (工), began to slaughter the revolutionary
workers. Zhou Enlai (周恩來 the future Premier of China), was the vice commander
of revolutionary workers. He was lucky and he escaped during the turmoil.
On 21st May 1927, the generals of the Kuomintang (國民黨) army, General
He Jian (何鍵) and Xu Kexiang (許克祥) began to arrest and kill the Communists
in Changsha. The Communists in Changsha canceled their plan of 100,000 peasant
army to attack Changsha.
At that time, Mao Zedong was in Wuhan (武漢) giving lectures at the Wuhan
branch of the Peasant Movement Training Institute. He was the head of the
branch. On 27th April of that year, at the 5th Congress of the CCP Mao Zedong
proposed to speed up the struggle of land reform, but without conclusion.
In order to prepare for any certain change of political events, Mao Zedong
sent his wife and their three children back to Hunan province. As Mao had
expected, on the 15th of July, Wang Jingwei (汪精衛), who was the head of
the leftist Kuomintang, declared, "To clean up the party 清黨 - meaning
to purge the Communists". That was the end of the United Front.
Posted to asiawind.com
By CHUNG Yoon-Ngan (鄭永元)
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