Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 04-10-12 23:30
中國姓氏故事 - 袁姓
人惡, 人怕天不怕,---Ren2 e4, ren2 pa4 tian bu4 pa4,
A wicked man, everybody is afraid of him, but not Heaven.
人善, 人欺天不欺.---Ren2 shan4, ren2 qi tian bu4 qi.
A wise man, people always fool him, but not Heaven.
人們對惡人都有害怕﹐但天不怕﹐
善良的人常常被人欺負﹐但天不會欺負。
A Chinese proverb
-----------------------------------------
Surname YUAN (袁姓)
Yuan means: a Chinese surname:
The surname Yuan is about 2,700 years old.
The surname Yuan originated in an area referred to during the Han Dynasty
(漢朝 206BC to 220AD) as the Runan prefecture (汝南郡). The present day
location of Runan prefecture is in the southeast of Runan county (東南汝
南縣 114.3 degree East and 33.0 degree North on the world map) of Henan
province (河南省).
According to the book Shi Ji by Sima Qian (司-馬遷的史記 145BC to 86BC),
the two wives of Yao Di (堯帝), chief of federated tribes in ancient China,
were from the area near the river of Gui Rui (媯汭 present day Yongji county
永濟縣 in Shanxi province 山西省). Yao Di was the 5th generation descendant
of Huang Di (黃帝 The Yellow Emperor). In 2255BC Yao Di abdicated in favour
of Shun Di (舜帝) as the new chief. Shun Di used the word Gui (媯) for Gui
Rui as his surname. In 2205BC Shun Di abdicated and Si Wenming (姒文命) was
elected the new ruler who was known as Yu Di (禹帝). Yu Di gave the authority
to Gui Shang (媯商), who was the son of Shun Di, to rule a few settlements
in a place called Yu (虞 present day Yucheng county 禹城縣 in Henan province)
.
Many generations after Gui Shang, in 1122BC, Zhou King Wu (周武王), destroyed
the Shang Dynasty (商朝 1783BC to 1122BC) and established the Zhou Dynasty
(周朝 1134BC to 256BC). Zhou King Wu inherited a vast country, but the primitive
communication technology at that time made it impossible to govern such
a big country efficiently. He was desperately in need of capable personnel
to administer his empire, so he delegated authority to his relatives, officials,
generals and aristocrats to rule on his behalf.
Gui Efu (媯閼父) had assisted Zhou King Wu in destroying the preceding Shang
Dynasty. Gui Efu was the 33rd generation descendant of Gui Shang. Zhou King
Wu rewarded Gui Efu by employing him as a Tao Zheng (陶正) or official in
charge of weapons.
Gui Man (媯滿), the eldest son of Gui Efu, married Zhou King Wu's eldest
daughter, Da Ji (大姬). Hu Gong (胡公) was the name given by Zhou King Wu
to his son-in-law and Gui Man came to be known as Hu Gong Man (胡公滿).
Zhou King Wu not only bestowed upon Hu Gong Man the hereditary title of
Hou (侯) or Marquis but also gave him the authority to rule a district called
Chen (陳 present day Huaiyang county 淮陽縣 in Henan province 河南省).
Hu Gong Man renamed the district of Chen the State of Chen (陳國) and established
his capital in Wanqiu (宛丘 present day Huaiyang county in Henan province).
Hu Gong Man was the founder of the State of Chen.
After Hu Gong Man, very little was written about the rulers of the State
of Chen until the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋時代 722BC to 481BC), when
in 754BCBC Gui Yu (媯圉) was installed as the eleventh ruler of Chen. Gui
Yu had a son by the name of Zhuang Bo (莊伯), who fathered Bo Yuan (伯轅
). This Chinese character Yuan (轅), which means the shafts of a cart or
carriage, is written as a combination of the two radicals of Che (車) and
Yuan (袁). Gui Taotu (媯濤塗), who was one of the many sons of Bo Yuan,
for unknown reasons did not like his surname Gui. Instead, he used his father'
s name Yuan (轅), by deleting the radical Che (車), and using the Yuan (袁
) as his surname. Yuan (轅) and Yuan (袁) have the same pronunciation. Gui
Taotu (媯濤塗) became known as Yuan Taotu (袁濤塗) and he gave his children
the surname YUAN (袁) and his descendants continued to use Yuan as their
surname.
The couplet of the Yuan clan:
讀書不忘救國,---Du2 shu bu4 wang4 jiu4 guo2,
救國不忘讀書.---Jiu4 guo2 bu4 wang4 du2 shu.
While studying you should not forget to save the country,
While saving the country you should not your studying.
..................................................................
Prominent persons produced by the Yuan Clan
(1) Yuan Chonghuan (袁崇煥 1585AD to 1630AD)
心術不可得罪于天地,---Xin shu4 bu4 ke3 de2 zui4 yu2 tian di4,
言行要留好樣與子孫.---Yan2 xing2 yao liu2 yu zi3 sun.
Your intention should not displease heaven and earth,
Your words and deeds must show good examples to the offspring.
By Yuan Chonghuan
Yuan Chonghuan was from the county of Dongguan (東莞縣) in Guangdong province
(廣東省). He graduated as a scholar during the reign of Emperor Shen Zong
Zhu Yijun (神宗皇帝朱翊鈞 1573AD to 1619AD). He was the Governor of present
Liaodong province (遼東省). He was appointed to defend Shanhai Pass (山海
關) against the incursion by the Manzhou Tribe (滿洲族). In 1629AD the political
opponents made a false charge against Yuan Chonghuan. Emperor Yi Zong Zhu
Yujian (毅宗皇帝朱由檢 1628AD to 1644AD) had him arrested. Yuan Chonghuan
was executed in the eighth Month in 1630AD. His replacement was Wu Sangui
(吳三桂), who later opened the gate of Shanhai Pass and invited to Manzhou
to Zhongyuan (中原).
(2) Yuan Mie (袁枚 1716AD to 1797AD)
.........................................................
Yuan Mei was born in Qiantang (錢塘 present day city of Hangzhou 杭州市)
of Zhejiang province (浙江省). He passed the Imperial Examination during
the reign of Emperor Qian Long (乾隆皇帝 1736AD to 1795AD) and became a
Jin Shi (進士). He was appointed as an official. Throughout his career he
was very popular and was made a member of the Imperial Academy (翰林學士
). He was also a poet. His famous book on poetry was titled "隨園詩話 Sui
Yuan Shi Hua".
.........................................................
(3) Yuan Shikai (袁世凱 1859AD to 1916AD)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_Shikai
Yuan Shikai was born in the county of Xiangcheng (項城縣) of Hebei province
(河北省) during the Qing Dynasty (清朝 1644AD to 1911AD). In 1889AD, he
was appointed the Governor of Shangdong province (山東省). Before Dr. Sun
Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shi Kai was appointed the Prime
Minister. After the establishment of the Republic of China he became the
second President of China. He abolished the parliament and proclaimed himself
the Emperor of China. For three months he was the Emperor of China. Before
his coronation almost all the Governors of the provinces went against him.
He died of brokenhearted in June 1916AD.
The poems written by Yuan Shi Kai in 1911.
昨夜聽風雨,---Zuo2 ye4 ting feng yu3,
披蓑踏翠苔.---Pi suo ta4 cui4 tai2.
人來花已謝,---Ren2 lai2 hua yi3 xie4,
借問為誰開?--Jie4 wen4 wei2 shui2 kai?
Last night I heard the wind blowing in the rain,
Wearing a straw rain cape I walked on the emerald green moss.
When the man arrives the flower has already withered,
For whom is the flower blooming, may I ask?
--------------------------------------------------------------------
樓小豈容膝,---Lou2 xiao3 qi3 rong2 xi,
檐高老樹齊.---Yan2 gao lao3 shu4 qi2.
開軒平北斗,---Kai xuan ping2 Beidou,
翻覺太行底!---Fan jiao4 Taihang di3!
The building is so low that I cannot even bend my knee,
The old tree is on level with the high eaves.
Opening the window I can see the Big Dipper - oh!
It is not the Big Dipper but the foot of Mount Taihang.
--------------------------------------------
Note:
Surname YUAN (袁姓) is the 37th most common Chinese surname in the world.
Posted to asiawind.com
By CHUNG Yoon-Ngan (鄭永元)
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