Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 04-10-12 20:11
中國姓氏故事 - 上官姓
天上無雲不落水,---Tian shang4 wu2 yun2 bu4 luo4 shui3
世間無人事不成.--Shi4 jian4 wu2 ren2 shi4 bu4 cheng2.
It would not rain when there are no clouds in the sky,
A job will not be accomplished if there are no men in the world.
------------------------------------------------
Surname - SHANGGUAN (上官)
Shang means: top; above.
Guan means: official; officer.
The surname ShangGuan is about 2,500 years old.
The surname Shangguan originated in an area referred to during the Han Dynasty
(漢朝 206BC to 220AD) as the Tianshui prefecture (天水郡). The present day
location of Tianshui prefecture is in the southwest of Tongwei county (西
南通渭縣 105.8 degree East and 35.7 degree North on the world map) in Gansu
province (甘肅省)
During the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋時代 722BC to 481BC) of the Zhou
Dynasty (周朝 1134BC to 256BC), in 613BC, Xiong Lu (熊旅) was installed
the 22nd ruler of the State of Chu (楚國 present day Jiangling county 江
陵縣 in Hubei province 湖北省). Xiong Lu's official title was Chu Zhuang
Wang (楚莊王) who ruled Chu until 591BC.
Xiong Lu appointed one of his many sons called Xiong Lan (熊蘭) as a Shangguan
(上官), which meant a high official in the Court of Chu. Xiong Lan came
to be known as Shangguan Da Fu (上官大夫). The official title of Shangguan
was derived from the name of a place called Shangguan (上官 in the southeast
of present day Hua county 東南滑縣 of Henan province 河南省).
During the Warring States Period (戰國時代 453BC to 221BC), in 223BC, the
army from the State of Qin (秦國 present day Fengxiang county 鳳翔縣in Shaanxi
province 陜西省) attacked the State of Chu. The Qin army was under the command
of General Wang Jian (王翦) who captured Xiong Fuchu (熊負芻), the 41st
and the last ruler of Chu. That was the end of the State of Chu. Ying Zheng
(嬴政), the King of Qin renamed the State of Chu the Nan Prefecture (南郡
), which was one of the forty one prefectures during the Qin Dynasty (秦
朝 221BC 207BC).
Ying Zheng, who proclaimed himself the First Emperor of Qin (秦始皇帝),
relocated all the members of the Chu royal family and all the aristocrats
of the State of Chu to the west and settled in the present day county of
Tianshui (天水縣) of Gansu province (甘肅省), where it was recorded as the
place of the origin of surname Shangguan. The descendants of Xiong Lan,
the Shangguan Da Fu, were among the new settlers and some of them adopted
SHANGGUAN (上官) as their surname.
The couplet of surname Shangguan
源自子蘭,---Yuan2 zi4 Zi Lan.
望出天水.---Wang4 chu Tianshui.
.
Note:
Zi (子) or the Viscount was the title given to the founder of the State
of Chu, (楚國), Mie Xiongyi (羋熊繹) by Zhou King Cheng (周成王), the second
King of the Zhou Dynasty. The 17th ruler of the state of Chu, Mie Tong (羋
通) changed the surname of the Chu Royal family from Mie to Xiong (熊 See
Chinese surname No.121 XIONG). Xiong Lan (熊蘭) was the founder of surname
Shangguan (上官).
The second couplet is derived from the two words Shang (上) and 官 (Guan)
上正下必順,---Shang3 zheng xia4 bi4 shun4,
官清民自安.---Guan Qing min2 zi4 an.
When the top is upright those at the bottom bound to obey,
When the officials are clean the people live peacefully.
------------------------------------
Prominent persons produced by the Shang-Guan clan
(1) Shang-Guan Yi (上官儀 608AD to 664AD)
Shang-Guan Yi was born in Shan county (陜縣 present day Sanmen Xia 三門峽
of Henan province 河南省), during the Sui Dynasty (隋朝 589AD to 617AD).
Li Yuan (李淵) founded the Tang Dynasty (唐朝 818AD to 907AD). Shang-Guan
Yi passed the Palace Examination with First Grade (進士 Jin Shi) during
the reign of the second Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Tai Zong Li
Shi Min (太宗皇帝李世民 627AD to 645AD). He was appointed as an official.
He loved poetry and he had written many of them. He was the author of the
book titled 上官體 (Shang-Guan Ti). People respected him and regarded his
poems as excellent and they composed a poem to praise him:
才擅吟哦,===== Cai shan yin e,
竟稱上官新體. =Jing cheng Shang-Guan xin ti
(2) Shang-Guan Jie (上官傑)
Shang-Guan Jie was born in Longxi (隴西 present day Tian Shui county of
Gansu province) during the Han Dynasty (漢朝 206BC to 220AD). He was a general
during the reign of Emperor Zhao Di Liu Fu Ling (昭皇帝劉弗陵 86BC to 74BC).
He was rewarded the title of Anyang Hou (安陽侯) or the Marquis of Anyang
by Emperor Zhao Di.
(3) Shang-Guan Yi (上官疑)
Shang-Guan Yi was born in the present day county of Shao Wu (邵武縣) of
Fujian province (福建省) during the Song Dynasty (宋朝 960AD to 1279AD).
He was a Palace Gruduate (進士). He was appointed a military officer in
Tong Ling (銅陵縣 of Anhui province 安徽省) and later was made a judge.
He was a renowned judge during that time.
Posted to asiawind.com
By CHUNG Yoon-Ngan (鄭永元)
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